In the planning and design of modern zoos, enhancing animal welfare has become a core priority for planners and managers. Consequently, animal enclosures have evolved beyond their earlier function of mere confinement to focus on comprehensively meeting animals’ natural behavioral and welfare needs. Within this transformation, the design philosophy and technical application of enclosure systems play a particularly crucial role. The once-ubiquitous steel-reinforced fencing is gradually being replaced by more adaptable, nature-inspired flexible animal enclosures. Animal Enclosures Introduct […]